Q.1 Match structures given in Column I with functions given in Column II.
Column- I
(i) Stomata
(ii) Xylem
(iii) Root hairs
(iv) Phloem
Column-II
(a) Absorption of water
(b) Transpiration
(c) Transport of food
(d) Transport of water
(e) Synthesis of carbohydrates
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 11 Transportation In Animals And Plants
Answer :
Column-I \(\rightarrow \) Column-II
(i) Stomata V (b) Transpiration
(ii) Xylem \(\rightarrow \) (d) Transport of water
(iii) Root hairs \(\rightarrow \) (a) Absorption of water
(iv) Phloem \(\rightarrow \) (c) Transport of food
Q.2 Fill in the blanks :
(i) The blood from the heart is transported to all parts of the body by the _____________
(ii) Haemoglobin is present in ___________ cells.
(iii) Arteries and veins are joined by a network of ___________.
(iv) The rhythmic expansion and contraction of the heart is called ___________
(v) The main excretory product in human beings is ___________
(vi) Sweat contains water and.
(vii) Kidneys eliminate the waste materials in the liquid form called_______________.
(viii) Water reaches great heights in the trees because of suction pull caused by_____________.
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 11 Transportation In Animals And Plants
Answer :
(i) The blood from the heart is transported to all parts of the body by the arteries .
(ii) Haemoglobin is present in red blood cells.
(iii) Arteries and veins are joined by a network of capillaries.
(iv) The rhythmic expansion and contraction of the heart is called heartbeat.
(v) The main excretory product in human beings is urea.
(vi) Sweat contains water and salts .
(vii) Kidneys eliminate the waste materials in the liquid form called urine.
(viii) Water reaches great heights in the trees because of suction pull caused by transpiration.
Q.3 Choose the correct option:
(a) In plants, water is transported through
(i) xylem
(ii) phloem
(iii) stomata
(iv) root hair
(b) Water absorption through roots can be increased by keeping the plants
(i) in the shade
(ii) in dim light
(iii) under the fan
(iv) covered with a polythene bag
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 11 Transportation In Animals And Plants
Answer :
a) i) Xylem
b) iii) under the fan
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 11 Transportation In Animals And Plants
Answer :
(1) Transport of materials is necessary for both plants and animals as every cell needs a regular supply of nutrients and oxygen for releasing energy through respiration.
(2) In plants, the transport of water and food is accomplished with the help of a complex transport system.
Animals need to transport wastes to parts from where they can be removed.
(3) The cells of different organs of plants and animals need various necessary substances to carry out many metabolic activities and different types of waste products are created during these metabolic activities.
(4) So, transport of materials is necessary to supply the required substances and to remove the waste products.
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 11 Transportation In Animals And Plants
Answer :
(1) If there are no platelets, then blood will not clot as platelets release blood clotting factors at the site of injury and stop further bleeding.
(2) If there are no platelets, the blood would not clot in case of an injury.
This will lead to excess blood loss and can even lead to the death of a person.
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 11 Transportation In Animals And Plants
Answer :
Transpiration is the evaporation of water from plants.
Transpiration serves the following functions in plants:
(1) The water evaporates through the stomata present on the surface of the leaves. It helps in the distribution of water throughout the plant body.
(2) It also helps in maintaining the temperature in the plant thus preventing heat injury of plants.
(3) Transpiration creates the transpiration pull, which is responsible for the rise of water to great heights in tall plants and other trees.
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 11 Transportation In Animals And Plants
Answer :
The main components of blood are :
(i) Red blood cells (RBCs): Red blood cells are the most abundant cells in the blood. These cells contain a red pigment called haemoglobin. It helps to carries oxygen and transports it to all parts of the body.
(ii) White blood cells (WBCs): WBCs are colourless cells without haemoglobin. They fight against infections and protect the body from foreign particles such as germs and bacteria.
(iii) Platelets: Platelets are the smallest cells in the blood. It helps to make a clot of blood.
(iv) Plasma: The fluid part of the blood is called plasma.
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 11 Transportation In Animals And Plants
Answer :
Blood is needed by all the parts of a body because :
(1) It supplies the oxygen and digested food to various parts of the body to provide essential energy to them which helps the body to perform various functions.
(2) To expel out carbon dioxide from our body.
(3) To transmit heat thus helping in the regulation of body temperature.
(4) It is required to fight out infections and diseases.
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 11 Transportation In Animals And Plants
Answer :
(1) The heart is an organ that beats continuously to act as a pump for the transport of blood, which carries other substances with it.
(2) The human heart is divided into four chambers. The upper two chambers are called the right and left atrium and the lower two chambers are called the right and left ventricles.
(3) The partition between the chambers helps to avoid mixing up blood-rich oxygen with the blood-rich in carbon dioxide.
(4) The right atrium receives carbon dioxide-rich blood from the body. Blood from the right atrium enters the right ventricle, which contracts and pumps the blood to the lungs.
(5) On the other hand, oxygen-rich blood from the lungs returns to the left atrium. From the left atrium, blood enters the left ventricle. Left ventricle contracts and pumps the blood to all parts of the body.
(6) Hence, the rhythmic contraction and expansion of various chambers of the heart maintain the transport of oxygen to all parts of the body.
Blood flows from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart from where it is pumped to the rest of the body.
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 11 Transportation In Animals And Plants
Answer :
(1) Certain waste and toxic products are formed during the functioning of body cells.
(2) Waste products like urea etc. are toxic. They are harmful to our bodies.
(3) When these toxic materials are not removed from the body, they get mixed with blood and can damage the cells of the body.
(4) If they are not removed, they can cause certain problems in our body and can even cause some diseases.
(5) Therefore It is necessary to remove such poisonous waste materials from our bodies.