NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
In our day to life, we can collect the following data:
1. Number Of females per 1000 males in various States of our country.
2. Weights of students of our class.
3. Production of wheat in the last 10 years in our country.
4. Number of plants in our locality.
5. Rainfall in our city in the last 5 years.
6. Data of monthly household expenses.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
The information which is collected by the investigator with a definite objective in his mind is called primary data.
Whereas, when the information is gathered from a source which
already had the information stored, it is called as secondary data.
It can be observed that the data in 1, 3 and 5 is secondary data and the data in 2, 4 and 6 is primary data.
Q1 )
The blood groups of 30 students of Class VIII are recorded as follows:
A, B, O, O, AB, O, A, O, B, A, O, B, A, O, O,
A, AB, O, A, A, O, O, AB, B, A, O, B, A, B, O.
Represent this data in the form of a frequency distribution table. Which is the most common,
and which is the rarest, blood group among these students?
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
It can be observed that 9 students have their blood group as A, 6 as B, 3 as AB, and 12 as O.
Therefore, the blood group of 30 students of the class can be represented as follows.
Blood Group | Number of students |
O | 12 |
A | 9 |
B | 6 |
AB | 3 |
Q2 )
The distance (in km) of 40 engineers from their residence to their place of work were found as follows:
5 3 10 20 25 11 13 7 12 31
19 10 12 17 18 11 32 16 2 7
7 9 7 8 3 5 12 15 18 3
12 14 2 9 6 15 15 7 6 12
Construct a grouped frequency distribution table with class size 5 for the data given above
taking the first interval as 0-5 (5 not included). What main features do you observe from this tabular representation?
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
Let us make the classes as 0-5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-20, 20-25, 25-30 and 30-35.
The frequency distribution table will be as follows:
Distance from residence | Distance values and No. of entries (Tally Marks) | No. of engineers(frequency) |
0 - 5 | 3, 2, 3, 3, 2 = 5 entries | 5 |
5 - 10 | 5, 7, 7, 9, 7, 8, 5, 9, 6, 7, 6 = 11 entries | 11 |
10 - 15 | 10, 11, 13, 12, 10, 12, 11, 12, 12, 14, 12 = 11 entries | 11 |
15 - 20 | 19, 17, 18, 17, 16, 15, 18, 15, 15 = 9 entries | 9 |
20 - 25 | 20 = 1 entry | 1 |
25 - 30 | 25 = 1 entry | 1 |
30 - 35 | 31, 32 = 2 entries | 2 |
Q3 )
The relative humidity (in %) of a certain city for a month of 30 days was as follows:
98.1 98.6 99.2 90.3 86.5 95.3 92.9 96.3 94.2 95.1
89.2 92.3 97.1 93.5 92.7 95.1 97.2 93.3 95.2 97.3
96.2 92.1 84.9 90.2 95.7 98.3 97.3 96.1 92.1 89
i) Construct a grouped frequency distribution table with classes 84 - 86, 86 - 88, etc.
ii) Which month or season do you think this data is about?
iii) What is the range of this data?
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
i) A grouped frequency distribution table of class size 2 has to be constructed.
The
class intervals will be -84 - 86, 86 - 88, and -99 - 90...
By observing the data given above, the required table can be constructed as follows.
Relative Humidity (in %) | Number of days (frequency) |
84 - 86 | 1 |
86 - 88 | 1 |
88 - 90 | 2 |
90 - 92 | 2 |
92 - 94 | 7 |
94 - 96 | 6 |
96 - 98 | 7 |
98 - 100 | 4 |
Total | 30 |
Q4 )
The heights of 50 students, measured to the nearest centimetres, have been found to be as
follows:
161 150 154 165 168 161 154 162 150 151
162 164 171 165 158 154 156 172 160 170
153 159 161 170 162 165 166 168 165 164
154 152 153 156 158 162 160 161 173 166
161 159 162 167 168 159 158 153 154 159
i) Represent the data given above by a grouped frequency distribution table, taking the class
intervals as 160 - 165, 165 - 170, etc.
ii) What can you conclude about their heights from the table?
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
i) A grouped frequency distribution table has to be constructed taking class intervals
160 -165, 165 - 170, etc. by observing the data given above, the required table can be
constructed as follows.
Height (in cm) | Number of students (frequency) |
150 - 155 | 12 |
155 - 160 | 9 |
160 - 165 | 14 |
165 - 170 | 10 |
170 - 175 | 5 |
Total | 50 |
Q5 )
A study was conducted to find out the concentration of sulphur dioxide in the air in parts
per million (ppm) of a certain city. The data obtained for 30 days is as follows:
0.03 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.04 0.17
0.16 0.05 0.02 0.06 0.18 0.20
0.11 0.08 0.12 0.13 0.22 0.07
0.08 0.01 0.10 0.06 0.09 0.18
0.11 0.07 0.05 0.07 0.01 0.04
i) Make a grouped frequency distribution table for this data with class intervals as 0.00 - 0.04, 0.04 - 0.08, and so on.
ii) For how many days, was the concentration of sulphur dioxide more than 0.11 parts per million?
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
Taking class intervals as 0.00, —0.04, 0.04, —0.08, and so on, a grouped frequency
table can be constructed as follows.
Concentration of | Number of days (frequency) |
0.00 - 0.04 | 4 |
0.04 - 0.08 | 9 |
0.08 - 0.12 | 9 |
0.12 - 0.16 | 2 |
0.16 - 0.20 | 4 |
0.20 - 0.24 | 2 |
Total | 30 |
Q6 )
Three coins were tossed 30 times simultaneously. Each time the number of heads occurring
was noted down as follows:
0 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 3 0
1 3 1 1 2 2 0 1 2 1
3 0 0 1 1 2 3 2 2 0
Prepare a frequency distribution table for the data given above.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
By the observation the data given above, the required frequency distribution table can
be constructed as follows.
Number of Heads | Number of times (frequency) |
0 | 6 |
1 | 10 |
2 | 9 |
3 | 5 |
Total | 30 |
Q7 )
The value of ? upto 50 decimal places is given below:
3.14159265358979323846264338327950288419716939937510
i) Make a frequency distribution of the digits from 0 to 9 after the decimal point.
ii) What are the most and the least frequently occurring digits?
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
i) By the observation of the digits after decimal point, the required table can be
constructed as follows.
Digit | Number of times (frequency) |
0 | 2 |
1 | 5 |
2 | 5 |
3 | 8 |
4 | 4 |
5 | 5 |
6 | 4 |
7 | 4 |
8 | 5 |
9 | 8 |
Total | 50 |
Q8 )
Thirty children were asked about the number of hours they watched TV programmes in the
previous week. The results were found as follows:
1 6 2 3 5 12 5 8 4 8
10 3 4 12 2 8 15 1 17 6
3 2 8 5 9 6 8 7 14 12
i) Make a grouped frequency distribution table for this data, taking class width 5 and one of the class intervals as 5 - 10.
ii) How many children watched television for 15 or more hours a week?
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
i) our class interval will be 0 - 5 , 5 - 10 , 10 - 15 .....
The group distribution frequency table can be constructed as follows.
Hours | No. of children(frequency) |
0 - 5 | 10 |
5 - 10 | 13 |
10 - 15 | 5 |
15 - 20 | 2 |
Total | 30 |
Q9 )
A company manufactures car batteries of particular type. The lives of 4 sch batteries were
recorded as follows.
2.6 3.0 3.7 3.2 2.2 4.1 3.5 4.5
3.5 2.3 3.2 3.4 3.8 3.2 4.6 3.7
2.5 4.4 3.4 3.3 2.9 3.0 4.3 2.8
3.5 3.2 3.9 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.7 3.4
4.6 3.8 3.2 2.6 3.5 4.2 2.9 3.6
Construct a grouped frequency distribution table for this data, using class intervals of size 0.5 starting from the interval 2 - 2.5.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
A grouped frequency table of class size 0.5 has to be constructed, starting from class
interval 2 - 2.5.
Therefore, the class intervals Will be 2 - 2.5, 2.5 - 3, 3 - 3.5...
By observing the data given above, the required grouped frequency distribution table can be
constructed as follows.
Lives of batteries (in hours) | Number of Batteries |
2 - 2.5 | 2 |
2.5 - 3 | 6 |
3 - 3.5 | 14 |
3.5 - 4 | 11 |
4 - 4.5 | 4 |
4.5 - 5 | 3 |
Total | 40 |
Q1 )
A survey conducted by an organisation for the cause of illness and death among the women
between the ages 15 - 44 (in years) worldwide, found the following
Sr. No. | Causes | Female fatality rate (in %) |
1. | Reproductive health Conditions | 31.8 |
2. | Neuropsychiatric Conditions | 25.4 |
3. | injuries | 12.4 |
4. | Cardio - vascular Conditions | 4.3 |
5. | Respiratory Conditions | 4.1 |
6. | Other Conditions | 22.0 |
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
i) By representing causes on x-axis and family fatality rate on y-axis and choosing an
appropriate scale (I unit 5% for y axis), the graph of the information given above can be
constructed as follows.
All the rectangle bars are Of the same width and have equal spacing between them.
ii) Reproductive health condition is the major cause of women's ill health and death worldwide as 31.8% of women are affected it.
iii) The factors are as follows:
1. Lack of medical facilities
2. Lack of correct knowledge of treatment.
Q2 )
The following data on the number of girls (to the nearest ten) per thousand boys in different sections of Indian society is given below.
Section | Number of girls per thousand boys (frequency) |
Scheduled Caste (SC) | 940 |
Scheduled Tribe (ST) | 970 |
Non SC / ST | 920 |
Backward Districts | 950 |
Non - backward Districts | 920 |
Rural | 930 |
Urban | 910 |
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
i) By representing section (variable) on x-axis and number of girls per thousand boys
on y-axis, the graph of the information given above can be constructed by choosing an
appropriate scale (1 unit = 100 girls for y - axis)
Here, all the rectangle bars are of the same length and have equal spacing in between them.
ii) It can be observed that maximum number Of girls per thousand boys (i.e., 970) is for ST and minimum number Of girls per thousand boys (i.e., 910) is for urban.
Also, the number of girls per thousand boys is greater in rural areas than that in urban areas, backward districts than that in non-backward districts, SC and ST than that in non-SC/ST.
Q3 ) Given below are the seats won by different political parties in the polling outcome of a state assembly elections:
Political Party | A | B | C | D | E | F |
Seats Won | 75 | 55 | 37 | 29 | 10 | 37 |
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
i) By taking polling results on X-axis and seats won as y-axis and choosing an
appropriate scale (1 unit = 10 seats for y-axis), the required graph of the above information can be constructed as follows.
Here, the rectangle bars are of the same length and have equal spacing in between them.
ii) Political party 'A' won maximum number of seats.
Q4 )
The length of 40 leaves of a plant are measured correct to one millimetre, and the obtained data is represented in the following table:
Length (in mm) | Number of Leaves |
118 - 126 | 3 |
127 - 135 | 5 |
136 - 144 | 9 |
145 - 153 | 12 |
154 - 162 | 5 |
163 - 171 | 4 |
172 - 180 | 2 |
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
i) It can be observed that the length of leaves is represented in a discontinuous class
interval having a difference of 1 in between them.
Therefore,
Length (in mm) | Number of Leaves |
117.5 - 126.5 | 3 |
126.5 - 135.5 | 5 |
135.5 - 144.5 | 9 |
144.5 - 153.5 | 12 |
153.5 - 162.5 | 5 |
162.5 - 171.5 | 4 |
171.5 - 180.5 | 2 |
Q5 )
The following table gives the life times of 400 neon lamps:
Length (in hours) | Number of Lamps |
300 - 400 | 14 |
400 - 500 | 56 |
500 - 600 | 60 |
600 - 700 | 86 |
700 - 800 | 74 |
800 - 900 | 62 |
900 - 1000 | 48 |
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
i) By taking life time (in hours) of neon lamps on x-axis and the number of lamps on
y-axis, the histogram of the given information can be drawn as follows.
Here, 1 unit on y-axis represents 10 lamps.
ii) It can be concluded that, the number of neon lamps having their lifetime more than 700 is the sum of the number of neon lamps having their lifetime as 700 — 800, 800 - 900, and 900 - 1000.
Therefore, the number of neon lamps having their lifetime more than 700 hours is 184. (74 + 62 + 48 = 184)
Q6 ) The following table gives the distribution of students of two sections according to the marks obtained by them:
Section A | Section B | ||
Marks | Frequency | Marks | Frequency |
0 - 10 | 3 | 0 - 10 | 5 |
10 - 20 | 9 | 10 - 20 | 19 |
20 - 30 | 17 | 20 - 30 | 15 |
30 - 40 | 12 | 30 - 40 | 10 |
40 - 50 | 9 | 40 - 50 | 1 |
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
We can find the class marks Of the given class intervals by using the following formula.
Section A | Section B | ||||
Marks | Class Marks | Frequency | Marks | Class Marks | Frequency |
0 - 10 | 5 | 3 | 0 - 10 | 5 | 5 |
10 - 20 | 15 | 9 | 10 - 20 | 15 | 19 |
20 - 30 | 25 | 17 | 20 - 30 | 25 | 15 |
30 - 40 | 35 | 12 | 30 - 40 | 35 | 10 |
40 - 50 | 45 | 9 | 40 - 50 | 45 | 1 |
Q7 )
The runs scored by two teams A and B on the first 60 balls in a cricket match are given
below :
No. of balls | Team A | Team B |
1 - 6 | 2 | 5 |
7 - 12 | 1 | 6 |
13 - 18 | 8 | 2 |
19 - 24 | 9 | 10 |
25 - 30 | 4 | 5 |
31 - 36 | 5 | 6 |
37 - 42 | 6 | 3 |
43 - 48 | 10 | 4 |
49 - 54 | 6 | 8 |
55 - 60 | 2 | 10 |
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
It can be observed that the class inter,zals of the given data are not continuous.
There is a gap of I in between them.
Therefore, has to be added to the upper class
limits and 0.5 has to be subtracted from the lower class limits.Also, class mark of each interval can be found by using the following formula.
Continuous data with class mark of each class interval can Be represented as follows.
No. of balls | Class Mark | Team A | Team B |
0.5 - 6.5 | 3.5 | 2 | 5 |
6.5 - 12.5 | 9.5 | 1 | 6 |
12.5 - 18.5 | 15.5 | 8 | 2 |
18.5 - 24.5 | 21.5 | 9 | 10 |
24.5 - 30.5 | 27.5 | 4 | 5 |
30.5 - 36.5 | 33.5 | 5 | 6 |
36.5 - 42.5 | 39.5 | 6 | 3 |
42.5 - 48.5 | 45.5 | 10 | 4 |
48.5 - 54.5 | 51.5 | 6 | 8 |
55.5 - 60.5 | 57.5 | 2 | 10 |
Q8 )
A random survey of the number of children of various age groups playing in a park was
found as follows :
Age (in years) | No. of children (frequency) |
1 - 2 | 5 |
2 - 3 | 3 |
3 - 5 | 6 |
5 - 7 | 12 |
7 - 10 | 9 |
10 - 15 | 10 |
15 - 17 | 4 |
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
Here, it can be observed that the data has class intervals of varying width. The
proportion Of children per 1 year interval can be calculated as follows.
Age (in years) | No. of children (frequency) | Width of class | Length of rectangle |
1 - 2 | 5 | 1 | |
2 - 3 | 3 | 1 | |
3 - 5 | 6 | 2 | |
5 - 7 | 12 | 2 | |
7 - 10 | 9 | 3 | |
10 - 15 | 10 | 5 | |
15 - 17 | 4 | 2 |
Q9 )
100 surnames were randomly picked up from a local telephone directory and a frequency
distribution of the number of letters in the English alphabet in the surnames was found as
follows:
Number of letter | Number of surnames (frequency) |
1 - 4 | 6 |
4 - 6 | 30 |
6 - 8 | 44 |
8 - 12 | 16 |
12 - 20 | 4 |
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
i) Here, it can be observed that the data has class intervals of varying width.
The
proportion of the number of surnames per 2 letters interval can be calculated as follows:
Number of letter | Number of surnames (frequency) | Width of class | Length of rectangle |
1 - 4 | 6 | 3 | |
4 - 6 | 30 | 2 | |
6 - 8 | 44 | 2 | |
8 - 12 | 16 | 4 | |
12 - 20 | 4 | 8 |
Q1 )
The following number of goals were scored by a team in a series of 10 matches:
2, 3, 4, 5, 0, 1, 3, 3, 4, 3
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
The number of goals scored by the team is
2, 3, 4, 5, 0, 1, 3, 3, 4, 3
We know that,
Mean of data
=
Thus, Mean score
=
= 2.8 goals
Now, Arranging the number of goals in ascending order, we get,
0, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5
Hence, the number of observations is 10, which is an even number.
Therefore, median Score will be the mean of
i.e., Median score
=
Mode of data is the observation With the maximum frequency in data.
Therefore, the mode score of data is 3 as has the maximum frequency as 4 in the data.
Q2 )
In a mathematics test given to 15 students, the following marks (out of 100) are recorded:
41, 39, 48, 52, 46, 62, 54, 40, 96, 52, 98, 40, 42, 52, 60.
Find the mean, median and mode of this data.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
The marks of 15 students in mathematics test are 41, 39, 48, 52, 46, 62, 54, 40, 96, 52, 98, 40, 42, 52, 60.
We know that,
Mean of data
=
=
=
= 54.8 goals
Arranging the Scores obtained by 15 students in an ascending order, we get,
39, 40, 40, 41, 42, 46, 48, 52, 52, 52, 54, 60, 62, 96
As the number Of observations is 15 which is Odd, therefore, the median Of data Will be
Therefore, median score of data = 52
Mode of data is observation with the maximum frequency in data.
Therefore mode of this data is 52 having the highest frequency in data is 3.
Q3 )
The following observations have been arranged in ascending order. If the median of the data is 63, Find the value of x.
29, 32, 48, 50, x, x + 2, 72, 78, 84, 95
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
It can be observed that the total number of observations in the given data is 10 (even
number).
Therefore the median of this data will be the mean of
=
Hence, the value of x is 62.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
Arranging the data in an ascending order, we get,
14, 14, 14, 14, 17, 18, 18, 18, 22, 23, 25, 28
It can be observed that 14 has the highest frequency, i.e. 4, in the given data.
Therefore, mode of the given data is 14.
Q5 )
Find the mean salary of 60 workers of a factory from the following table:
Salary (in Rs.) | No. of Workers |
---|---|
3000 | 16 |
4000 | 12 |
5000 | 10 |
6000 | 8 |
7000 | 6 |
8000 | 4 |
9000 | 3 |
10000 | 1 |
Total | 60 |
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
We know that,
Mean
=
The value of
Salary (in Rs.) | No. of Workers | |
---|---|---|
3000 | 16 | 3000 × 16 = 48000 |
4000 | 12 | 4000 × 12 = 48000 |
5000 | 10 | 5000 × 10 = 50000 |
6000 | 8 | 6000 × 8 = 48000 |
7000 | 6 | 7000 × 6 = 42000 |
8000 | 4 | 8000 × 4 = 32000 |
9000 | 3 | 9000 × 3 = 27000 |
10000 | 1 | 10000 × 1 = 10000 |
Total |
Q6 )
Give one example of a situation in which
i) the mean is an appropriate measure of central tendency.
ii) the mean is not an appropriate measure of central tendency but the median is an appropriate measure of central tendency.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Answer :
When any data has a few observations such that these are very far from the other
observations in it, it is better to calculate the median than the mean of the data as median
gives a better estimate of average in this case.
i) Consider the following example — the following data represents the heights of the members of a family.
154.9 cm, 162.8 cm, 170.6 cm, 158.8 cm, 163.3 cm, 166.8 cm, 160.2 cm.
In this case, it can be observed that the observations in the given data are close to each other.
Therefore, mean will be calculated as an appropriate measure of central tendency.
ii) The following data represents the marks obtained by 12 students in a test.
48, 59, 46, 52, 54, 46, 97, 42, 49, 58, 60.
In this case, it can be observed that there are some observations which are very far from other observations.
Therefore, here, median will be calculated as an appropriate measure of central tendency.