5.Two numbers are in the ratio 5 : 3. If they differ by 18, what are the numbers?

Let the two numbers be 5x and 3x.
As per the given question, we get

5x – 3x = 18

\(\Rightarrow\)2x = 18

\(\Rightarrow\) x = 18 ÷ 2 [Transposing 2 from (×) to (÷)]

\(\Rightarrow\) x = 9.

Thus, 5x =5×9= 45 and 3x=3×9 =27

Hence, we have the numbers as 45 and 27.