Q.3 Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
(a) Synthetic fibres are also called __________ or __________ fibres.
(b) Synthetic fibres are synthesised from raw material called __________.
(c) Like synthetic fibres, plastic is also a __________

(a) Synthetic fibres are also called artificial or manmade fibres.
(b) Synthetic fibres are synthesized from raw material called petrochemicals.
(c) Like synthetic fibres, plastic is also a polymer.

EXPLANATION:-

(a) Synthetic fibers are made from synthesized polymers of small molecules while natural fibers are made from naturally formed polymers.
The compounds that are used to make synthetic fibers come from raw materials such as petroleum-based chemicals or petrochemicals while for natural fibers, the raw materials are obtained from natural sources.
Hence synthetic fibers are called artificial or man-made fibers as their raw materials are artificially synthesized using various chemicals and their products.

(b) Petrochemicals are the chemical products obtained from petroleum or crude oil. Some chemical compounds that are made from petroleum, are also obtained from other fossil fuels, such as coal or natural gas.
Petroleum based chemicals are obtained by refining petroleum or crude oil by the use of advanced technology. These petroleum based chemicals are used to produce consumer products such as aspirin, detergents, shampoo, pesticides, gasoline, synthetic fibers, rubbers, insulating materials, paints, polyester clothes, automobiles, and many other things that we use in our daily life.

(c) All plastics are polymers, but not all polymers are plastic.
Plastic polymers includes polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), epoxy and polyester (PS) which are derived from petroleum hydrocarbons or petroleum products.