Joseph jogs from one end A to the other end B of a straight 300 m road in 2 minutes 30 seconds and then turns around and jogs 100 m back to point C in another 1 minute. What are Joseph’s average speeds and velocities in jogging (a) from A to B and (b) from A to C?

(a) Given, distance covered from point A to point B = 300 meters

Time taken to travel from point A to point B = 2 minutes and 30 seconds = 150 seconds

Displacement from A to B = 300 meters

We know that, Average speed
= \( \frac{distance}{time taken} \)

Therefore, the average speed while travelling from A to B = \( \frac{300}{150} \) = 2 m/s

and, Average velocity = \( \frac{displacement}{time taken} \)

Average velocity while travelling from A to B = \( \frac{300}{150} \) = 2 m/s

(b) Distance covered from point A to point C = 300m + 100m = 400 meters

Time taken to travel from point A to point C = 2 min 30 secs + 1 min = 210 seconds

Displacement from A to C = 300m – 100m = 200 meters

Similarly, Average speed while travelling from A to C = \( \frac{400}{210} \) = 1.9 m/s

Average velocity while travelling from A to C = \( \frac{200}{210} \) = 0.95 m/s