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Answer :
Given, mass of the hammer (m) = 500 g = 0.5 kg
Initial velocity of the hammer (u) = 50 m/s
Terminal velocity of the hammer (v) = 0
{the hammer is stopped and reaches a position of rest} .
Time period (t) = 0.01 s
\(\because \) the acceleration of hammer,
\(\therefore a = \frac{v-u}{t} = \frac{0-50}{0.01} \ \)
\( \Rightarrow \ a = -5000 \ m/s^2 \)
Therefore, the force exerted by the hammer on the nail
\(\because\) (F) = ma
\(\Rightarrow \) F = (0.5) × (-5000) = -2500 N